The Campaign Builder's Guild

[ic=Before the Senate]The Senate can rejoice; with the help of Senator Sismondii, the courthouse was completed in May and is now fully operational. But as we rejoice in this achievement, we must consider the path that still lay ahead. While the physical structure of a court system may be in place, the human resources to make it work is a matter that remains to be adressed. It was perhaps a necessity to work our way backwards as we did, erecting the infrastructure needed to dispense proper judgement before electing to appoint judges, whose knowledge of the Justinian codex at the present time is nil or inadequate. This is the task that lays before us; how will the courthouse function and how will judges be appointed?

How it works now, with volunteers improvising as they go, sometimes accompanied by their armed retinue, only serves to feed the resentment of the popolo and frustrate the feeling of equity and stability we are supposed to provide. Since the Justinian codex isn't an improvised text, but a thoroughly thought out set of laws, the Senate cannot continue to abide such theatrics. We should therefore endeavour to appoint only those whose knowledge of the codex is advanced. The legal experts that we need can be picked from the university; already it has been some time since the first students enrolled. This is the foremost matter on my mind at this time, senators. It would please me greatly to hear your opinions.

Deutesalvi's letter is also on my mind. His rashness, however condescending it might seem to you, sheds some light on a weakness of our rule. The Senate should be the sole guarantor of the peace, but I shall refer to your consience as to how this should be achieved, and as to how we should treat with the desperate but arrogant man.[/ic]

[ic=Before the Lesser Council]The division in the Church seems to hurt the unity of the Faliscan League. Shall we suffer isolation if the Schism bursts into armed conflict?

Hugo unrolls a map of Tuscia
[spoiler=Map of Tuscia]

The purple marks highlight the cities I enumerate.[/spoiler]

If it should come to this, there must be a road that connects Rome to the Emperor, and a port. Formello, Anguillara, Nepi, Orte, Viterbo, Amelia, Ferento, Bolsena and Spoleto must come into the Victorian fold. We should also benefit from the convert of Civitavecchia to our cause.

Rome and Viterbo quarrel over prestige, but Rome needs not fear; even its shadow would forever be more prestigious than a lively and prosperous Viterbo. Therefore, we should come to terms with the Viterbii by exuding fraternal care, instead of jealousy. And their jealousy should be remedied by our acceptance of their just station. It is a free commune and thus should be a natural ally in the fight against tyranny. If fraternal solidarity cannot be achieved between the two governments, then I see the sentiments the Viterbii hold for the Imperial cause as the instrument of our design.

Nepi is equally important to secure a road to the north. However, the instrument of our design there is unknown to me. Perhaps the fact that it did not follow its brother city, Sutri, in the Alexandrine abyss is an indication of the pertinence of establishing some form of communication, or exploiting the subject of their division even further.

With both Viterbo and Nepi under the Imperial fold, the Frangipani peons in Tuscia will be cut, one half from the other, and this shall serve to shake their resolve. Any important victory by the Victorian coalition will hasten the dissolution of the Alexandrine coalition in Tuscia.

A more proximate issue should start catching our attention. The Colonna seem not to have vascilated towards the abysmal pit dug by the Alexandrine party. Perhaps further investigation on our part would be recommendable. The relation between the Commune and this illustrious family is not so bad, after all.[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to the Consuls of Pisa]Honoured Consuls,

Pisa and Rome are both alike in their civic spirit, their liberty, and their faithfulness to the Emperor. Both great cities with storied names. As Consul of the Romans I see that we have many common interests, and that it should be of benefit to our respective causes to support each other in small ways. It is known that Pisa's ships sail to every shore, and indeed to Roman shores as well. I write, of course, of Gregoriopolis and ancient Ostia, places which the Emperor in his wisdom and generosity has granted to the governance of the Roman Senate.

In Pisa you build a great Baptistry, and I have heard that already it is a goodly and godly structure to behold. Much of its marble has come from Ostia and Gregoriopolis, and the Romans do not begrudge this harvest when it is put to such noble purpose. But as these ruins fall within the lawful territory of the Roman Commune, the Romans here deliver benefit to Pisa. We are glad to do so, and we shall be glad to continue to do so. We simply desire some formalization of this arrangement, and a small measure of reciprocation by the honourable Pisans. I do not seek to abuse Pisan generosity by my terms, and I only make them so because of the lamentable state of the poor and needy in my city. No doubt you have heard of the hunger in Latium.

Hereby as Consul do I propose agreement between our cities: That the Pisans shall have the exclusive right of harvest of the Ostian marbles - save by the Romans as well if we should require it - for so long as it should take the Pisans to construct their Baptistry, that their supply of raw material might be ensured. In return the Pisans once each year for ten years - beginning in this year, 1160 A.D - shall deliver a ship's cargo of good grain to the lawful officials of the Roman Senate at Gregoriopolis, whereby we shall take it from them and on to Rome.

It is my hope that you find these terms agreeable, and that both our cities should continue each to strengthen the other thereby. In the name of the Romans I shall additionally, and free of any conditions, send to Pisa through your agents [1 WP] of silver as a donation for your Baptistry, that I - and the Romans through me - might personally contribute to the beauty of this grand edifice.

In Nomine Senatus Populusque Romanus,
Consul Roberto Basile[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to the Consuls of Spoleto]Distinguished Consuls,

The Roman Senate is concerned by the course of civil liberty in Italia. We know that the Spoletini match ourselves in the ardour of their civic spirit and their own desire for these liberties. Our allies in Perugia and Rieti have now both been subjected to podesta, and we find this both lamentable and alarming. The Republic is committed to the alliance it has with Spoleto, and it is our desire that you should build your city strong again as it once was - and under your own authority. The Senate will do what little it might to ensure that such a fate should not befall Spoleto, as we know that you would endeavour to do the same for Rome.

If this new Welf should seek unlawfully to place a podesta above you we shall make our displeasure known to him and to the Emperor, so that they should remember the inalienability of your Charter. We will protest any like imposition in the strongest terms. Know that though Rome may be faced with turbulence and uncertainty that if Spoleto requires Roman aid its Consuls have but to ask, and we shall do what we can.

In Nomine Senatus Populusque Romanus,
Consul Roberto Basile[/ic]

[ic=Spoken to Pandolfo Cassi in Basile's private gardens]Ah, Pandolfo, I am glad to see that you are well, and that I could have been of some small assistance in your return to your own city. Are the flowers not beautiful as they bloom this spring? Come, take wine and sit with me.

You have proved yourself a very capable man. Your plot was well organized and only by chance discovered, your deception of the Tiburtini artful and of use to the Commune. You have even persuaded me of your contrition and of your worthiness for clemency! Though your patriotism has in the past been misapplied, I know that you are a good and loyal Roman to your core. Your punishment has been met out, and you have atoned for any crime you may have committed, and so we shall speak no more of it.

The Senate does not always see merit in my actions, and even at times they question my worthiness as Consul. And so I find myself in increasing need of loyal and worthy men, men who I can trust to see what is best for the Romans and to carry out their duties in the name of that good with intelligence and with proficiency. I think that Pandolfo Cassi is just such a man. Enter my service, Pandolfo, and prove to those doubting Romans the truth of your honour and your dignity. You shall find opportunity should you take up my patronage, and as I do for each of my retainers I shall see that your family does not want, knowing as they will that you shall provide for them.

Think on my offer, and take as long as you should need to do so. I will take no offence if you decline. I merely see your talent and ability, as I see that I could put it to good use.[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to Sanguineus Viviani]Consul,

I do not envy you the tasks that confront you now. The Romans are a turbulent and changeable people, as I know too well. The Senate makes clear its displeasure with me, and so I do not think I will seek the Consulship again when my current term expires. I do however endeavour in the time that I have left to do what I can for the Romans, and I pursue as we speak an arrangement to feed the popolo. With hungry bellies silenced perhaps their hearts too shall be still and free of anger.

The point, Consul, is that I will offer you all the support I can still deliver to ensure that your own term in office is extended. Your leadership, I think, will be of necessity. You have a sharp mind and clear vision, and you have no fear to act when action is needed. If I cannot be Consul, I think then that you must. I will not have Rome left to wolves and wild dogs.

I am likewise concerned by the obstinancy and disdain that I have seen among the popolo grasso. Something must be done to weld them more firmly to our Senate, to let them know that we hear of their concerns and that we are their best representative - and that we possess the authority of the city. I will propose this season that the laws of selection of the Senate be reopened, and that we resume elections in some form. I see this as the best way to win back our citizenry, and to make sure the stability of our government. I would have your thoughts on this. Should you agree I would likewise have your support on the Senate floor for this, my final measure.

Roberto Basile[/ic]

QuoteTreasury: 0 WP

Income: 1 WP

   Duty, Cencio Pierleone: 1 WP
   Toll, Holy Week Commerce: 1 WP (Spring Only)
   Rent, Colosseum: 2 WP (Spring Only)[/i]

Expenditures: 1 WP

   Upkeep, Senatorial Palatini (50): 1 WP
   Mint Fee: 1 WP (Spring Only)

Should the treasury be at 2WP now then?

Re: the Taberna- so is that 12 including the land cost? Since I already spent 4 for land, would it only cost me 8WP? e.g. how does the fact of my land investment affect matters? If I do not build the tabernum, what will happen with my newly acquired land/income, etc.

[ic=Letter to Roberto Basile]Consul,

The imperial grasp manifests itself broadly over Italy today, and even a commune so distant from Germany as Rieti is demonstrated to be in its power.  Perhaps the Reatini should be considered fortunate that their city is still standing - yet while walls can be rebuilt, liberty lost is not so easily regained, nor the chains of tyranny easily cast off.

We welcome your very proper outrage at the prospect of an unwanted podesta being seated upon us, but it is our belief that an appeal to the emperor over such a matter would be wasted breath.  Barbarossa has only just confirmed the younger Welf as Duke of Spoleto with great ceremony in Pavia and will not now act against him as he aggrandizes his power here.

Though we gladly accept the friendship of your fair city, we question the policy of its senate.  While you very justly decry imperial tyranny, your fellow senators shout the praises of Octavian, who seems to us to be both example and instrument of that tyranny.  With Octavian's enthronement at Pavia, Barbarossa showed to all that he seeks to subjugate even the Church, and the obliteration of Reatini liberty was accomplished by the emperor's loyal pontiff alongside the emperor's loyal duke.  How is it possible for any judicious man to see the Teuton as a threat, but the Teuton's pope as a god-send?

Of course we understand fully that we cannot know the true exigencies of the Roman situation, and we do not fault the Roman Senate for saying and doing what is expedient for the preservation of their liberty and prosperity at the present moment.  We hope only that the Romans will recognize that a Latium under the rule of Pope Victor is inevitably a Latium under the rule of Emperor Friedrich, and should this come to pass, the protestations of the Roman Senate will not be sufficient to preserve even their own liberty, let alone ours.

The Consuls of Spoleto[/ic]

[ic=Spoken to Roberto Basile by Pandolfo Cassi]Consul, your offer is most generous, most generous indeed; to vouch for me and persuade the Senate to end my exile was already proof of your magnanimity and blessed forgiveness, so to this added kindness I hardly have words with which to reply.  With my name blackened by this disastrous, ruinous affair I despaired that I would ever receive any opportunity to serve my city and restore my respectability.  Yet to have as a patron so eminent a Roman such as yourself, this I could only credit to the miraculous intervention of the saints, interceding on behalf of this poor but repentant sinner.

Your hospitality alone would surely be enough for me, consul; I would ask nothing more, for you have already given me so much, more than I shall ever deserve.  Yet... alas, there is also my family to think of - my wife and children, you see, fled to my in-laws when I was exiled.  I would like nothing more for them to rejoin me, but how can I ask this in my situation, when I have nothing to my name?  My wife, she wears the fashionable dresses of fustian and silk; she would look upon me with disgust and scorn if I were to take her back to live in my present and deservedly humble state.

Forgiveness is surely as full a reward as I deserve to ask for.  For my family's sake, however, I must humbly request that if I am to enter your service, my family should be provided for in a way that will not cause them disgrace.  Truly they have suffered enough these past years from my own actions.[/ic]

Quote from: LDShould the treasury be at 2WP now then?

It would be, but for the fact that Consul Basile spent 2 WP of it this past season.  If Manzinni isn't happy with that, he'll have to take it up with the consul.  :grin:

QuoteRe: the Taberna- so is that 12 including the land cost? Since I already spent 4 for land, would it only cost me 8WP?

Correct.  As I said, I'll credit the investment you've already made to the cost.  If you decide not to build that enterprise, it can probably be applied to something else, depending on what you want to build there.

(I'll probably credit you for more than 4 WP to reflect the fact that the land was bought up very cheaply after the fire.)

I've added a speech to the council in my previous post. This reflects the most important matters for my character's consideration this season, both in the domestic and foreign arenas. Happy gaming!

[ic=In the Lesser Council]I have had these same thoughts myself, Senator. I can see no reason that we should continue any quarrel with Viterbo that we may have in the past been set to by grasping Lords or quarreling Popes. Viterbo and Rome have no natural conflict, and few contentions of interest. I shall reach out to the Consuls of that city, and I shall see if we might come to an arrangement.

The popolo may grumble, they may say the Viterbesi are only curs and dogs, but we may satisfy them in other ways. I have grown concerned by the disdain which even our own citizens show for our Senate, and I think we must placate them and bind them more firmly to our purpose. Therefor I will propose before this Council that we unite to purpose before the Senate, and present them with a revision of our governance. I speak, of course, of election. I shall say in the Senate that it is time again for the people to have greater voice in their own government, that our citizens might be best represented. There must be some compromise here if we will obtain the support of the nobles and the equites, and I do not think this a bad thing. Therefor the total number of Senators elected to our body shall be increased to 120, with seven men appointed by acclamation from each district. The number of eques seats shall remain fixed at 22, and these seats shall continue to exist as they have, willed from one eques to another. Furthermore the measure shall remain in place that any further alteration to this legislation shall require majorities both among the common senators and among the equestrian senators. This is a simple thing to carry out, and it will do much good for the unity of our Eternal City, and so hereby do I ask for the support of each of you on the Senate floor.[/ic]

[ic=Before the Senate]Senators!

I hear your grumbles and your groans, I hear that you tire of Roberto Basile, that you desire an end to my Consulship. I have taken this under just consideration, and as always I abide by the will of the Senate. Hereby do I announce that next season I shall not seek the Consulship again for an eighth term, and come this Summer's election I shall instead place my support behind the most worthy candidate among us.

But Senators, do not break out yet in applause! Hold your wine bottles still and corked beneath your robes and your seats, for there is business of import that we must attend to.

I have grown worried by sentiment expressed by our own citizens. I have heard it wondered of what use is our Senate. We must prove ourselves again to the popolo, Senators. We must have the respect of our own citizens. Hereby as my final measure as Consul I put forward this legislation: that we reopen the laws on the selection of Senators, and that we restore election in our Republic. I have respect for the law as it exists, and I did support it, for I thought it was best suited to our needs then. But I do not think it is so now. Thereby I propose a new system of hybrid nature, thereby to gain a greater vigour. I propose that the number of common seats be increased so that each district should elect seven Senators by acclamation, thereby raising the total number of Senators to 120. The number of equestrian seats shall remain fixed at 22, and the holders of those seats shall will them to an eques of good standing as is currently done and by established regulation. Likewise we shall maintain the measure that any alteration to the laws of selection shall require a majority of both the equestrian and the common senators. The remaining text of this legislation shall remain as it currently stands, needing no further alteration.

It is my belief that this reform is of necessity, that it will inform the people of the worthiness of the Senate, and that our authority should return to bear the highest respect. Consider my words, Senators, and vote as your conscience wills.[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to the Consuls of Viterbo]Consuls,

I send this message to you earnestly and in hope that we might put the history of our two cities behind us. There has been much acrimony between the Romans and the Viterbesi, who are both spirited and proud peoples. But ask a man on the streets of Rome why he bears grudge against Viterbo and he will pause. He will hem and haw as he considers his own thoughts, and then he will simply say again what he has said already! I suspect that it may be the same on the streets of your own city. The truth, Consuls, is that there is no good or fresh reason for any such antipathy. We have been set one against the other in years past by greedy lords who seek only their own aggrandizement and gain by clever or appealing words that somehow convince us that we are enemies. These lords do not care for us.

The truth, Consuls, is that we have many goals and ideals in common. The truth is that by all reason we should find ourselves companions. Since the Romans have secured the liberty of their own city - since the founding of our good Commune - there has been no quarrel between us and the Viterbesi. There has been posture by both sides, but only out of habit. Let us break this habit. What do we both desire? The freedom of our cities, the prosperity of our commerce and our lands, and the health of our peoples. But see how civil liberty in Italy falters with the appointment of these podesta to rule over us. Even now so far south as Rieti such a man has been elevated. The Romans honour the Emperor as they honour the Church, and we know that here there is some good intention. But in execution flaw arises, and dignity and freedom are slowly forgotten.

Should we not join ourselves to common purpose, that of the preservation of the liberty of our cities? Viterbo and Rome have much more to gain as friends - as brothers! - than as enemies. I come to you therefor with humble proposal, proposal the Senate of Rome is prepared to ratify: That the Communes of Rome and Viterbo should both agree to a lasting and active peace between ourselves, that we should swear that we will strive so that no party should pit us against each other in conflict, that we should swear to support the rights of liberty that we both possess.

It may well be that you will think to yourselves that you cannot trust a Roman. That I seek some secret benefit for Rome. The benefit I seek is not secret, and it is not for Rome alone. It is for both our cities, and it is for the peace and order of Latium. All I ask is that you give my words your honest consideration in the name of common good, and that you should seek to suss out wisdom if it is here.

In Nomine Senatus Populusque Romanus,
Consul Roberto Basile[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to the Emperor]Your August and Imperial Majesty,

The Romans hear of your good works in Italy, and we are gladdened by your success against your enemies. You have bestowed Gregoriopolis to our city, and for this we are grateful. Know that the Senate of Rome is your loyal servant in Latium, and that it supports the cause of Empire.

But we Romans look at the cities around us, and we see the freedoms they have been granted, and we wish those same freedoms for ourselves. The Roman Commune has in truth for twenty years brought good governance to Rome, and has ordered the Romans to purpose. You are King of the Romans, and you are Holy Roman Emperor, and so there is none but you that we could come to with our humble request. We ask that you consider the bestowal of Imperial Charter to the Roman Senate and its Republic, that it should govern Rome in your name. Our gratitude will be as Eternal as our City if you should make such gracious gift. But so too does the Senate know that the great matters of Empire are beyond its full understanding, and that in your wisdom you may see that you cannot give us this boon. We shall accept any decision you should make thereby, and we shall remain your good and lawful subjects.

In Nomine Senatus Populusque Romanus,
Consul Roberto Basile[/ic]

[ic=Spoken to Pandolfo Cassi] - Basile laughs heartily - Such boldness, Pandolfo! You were an eques, it is true, and you and your family were accustomed to the finest things. This I know. But one must adapt to situation, and I know you are an adaptable man. It is the husband's responsibility to control the desires of his wife, and though he may at times give her fine gifts for the love he bears her, she must not come to expect these things. I shall provide you for your family with some good things to cheer them, with fatted geese and good linen cloth, with fine wine and oil. I am no miser. Serve me and you will gain back the dignity of your name by service to your city. Do me a great and worthy service, and then I shall grant you a great boon. Ask any man here and he will tell you the same of my generosity. A fine opportunity lies before you, and I hope you will embrace it. Answer as you would, Pandolfo, but this is the standing of my offer.[/ic]

QuoteIt would be, but for the fact that Consul Basile spent 2 WP of it this past season.  If Manzinni isn't happy with that, he'll have to take it up with the consul.

I was merely confused because I thought that the 2WP appeared at the beginning of this season? I must have mixed up the income timing since I read in the report that the city of Rome received an influx of some coin from the pilgrims. E.g. I thought that the income could not be spent until this turn, so it would have been reflected there and budgeted to be spent? I apologize for being confused- but why does the accounting for the City of Rome differ from our individual ones? Last season, the treasury stood at 0WP, so how could anything be spent? Can I spend predicted income? E.g. if I have 1 WP and I expect to earn 7WP, I can spend 8WP in my orders for the upcoming season (although risking overspending in case I do not earn the full 7WP?)

I believe I am fine with Basile spending it, but this is a game rule question.

[ic=Before the Lesser Council]
Primus
First, I welcome all you Senators again as I have returned to health. Hopefully, with God's blessing, I will remain full of vigor to serve you for years to come.

The Coming Conflict
A brave proposal, Senator DeVinti. I have no personal animus against the Viterbii and I join you in your sentiments with respect to them.

As for a road, I wonder why you neglect the passage to the west of the Sabatini lake. With Viterbii allies and ourselves, that can be secured even against Nepi's intransigence. This road would seem to be more simple to hold than the other which borders several stronger Alexandrine communes.
[/ic]
[ic=Inner Council]
Law on Senatorial Succession
I take it that all seated herein recall our law, fixed in year of our lord, 1155. I believe that the general idea, proposed by Senator Basile, may have some effect to lessen the popolo's intransigence and return them to faith in the Senatorial Body. (OOC: How many Senators are currently seated? I think 100?) I do accept his statement that the Senate should be increased in size. I wonder as to where we will find the space to seat its new members--it appears that a few of those with greater girth will and must bid goodbye to several kilograms of weight (e.g. whatever measurement they were using in Latium at the time). I thank my recent sickness for obviating the need to abstain from rich foods to suit the pattern of the times. (Pats belly) I also believe this mode will do well to increase the volunteers to administer justice, until such a time as the schola graduates enough learned doctors of the law.

The previous legislation was as follows:

   The number of equestris seats is fixed at twenty-two.
   Each senator may select his own successor, provided the successor is a Roman citizen of good repute.
   No seat held by an eques may be willed to a common citizen, nor vice versa.
   If a senator selects a successor not of his own family, the successor must be approved by the unanimous consent of the senatorial equites.
   A senator may be expelled from the Senate by a two-thirds vote; both Consuls must be present and preside over such a vote.
   If a senator should be expelled from the Senate, his replacement shall be selected by the senators of his own class (i.e. equites or non-equites).
   It is illegal for a senator to sell his succession rights for goods, land, or title, or have any business dealings with his selected successor, unless the successor is a member of his own family.
   These laws cannot be amended save by a majority of both the equites and common citizen senators present.

Guardian Force
Amending the aforementioned will not obviate the cries for self-defense forces for the districts. Rome at the moment has not the coin to fund such a force to defend each district by itself, but its Senators, blessed men like myself, DeVinti, Sissmondi, and others, have personal forces which can for the greater good defend our districts--I have already set my men upon these tasks. I would therefore ask that Senators only be permitted to be selected from among wealthy men who are able to sustain such forces.

Therefore, I suggest the following regulations on Senatorial elections and Senatorial militias:

The Roman Senate shall number 122, of which 7 shall originate from each district except the Torre Pierleone, which is under the protection of the Prefect, who answers to the Senate. [This accounts for 91 Senators]. The remaining 9 shall be comprised of Senators who have wealth sufficient to sustain and equip a force of no less than 50 militia, who can be used to patrol and protect districts.

The militia will answer to the individual Senators who command them and the Senators will answer to the Council of the Interior for coordination of their patrols, but the ultimate command of each individual patrol will be in the hands of the individual Senator.

Elections for the Senatorial seats will occur once every 6 years. The first election to be held next Season.

The number of equestris seats is fixed at twenty-two.
Each Equestrian senator may select his own successor, provided the successor is a Roman equestrian citizen of good repute.
If a senator selects a successor not of his own family, the successor must be approved by the unanimous consent of the senatorial equites.

A senator may be expelled from the Senate by a two-thirds vote; both Consuls must be present and preside over such a vote.
If a senator should be expelled from the Senate, his replacement shall be selected by the senators of his own class (i.e. equites or non-equites).

It is illegal for a senator to sell his succession rights for goods, land, or title, or have any business dealings with his selected successor, unless the successor is a member of his own family.

These laws cannot be amended save by a majority of both the equites and common citizen senators present.

[/ic]

[ic=Before the Lesser Council]While I am glad that you approve of my proposal, Senator Manzinni, it seems to me that you introduce unnecessary complication. The number should certainly be 120, as the Tiber Island is among the traditional distrada and there is no reason that the Romans there should not be represented by the Senate, regardless of the fact that the uncle of the Patrician Pierleone maintains a tower house on the island.

Likewise I think you misunderstand the desires of the popolo - the residents of S. Angeli are not requesting money for arms or any such - the militiamen of the district organize themselves with their own arms and armour. This is a dangerous precedent, and I disagree that electoral reform will do nothing to prevent other districts from following suit. The matter we are faced with there is entirely one of trust. I have confidence that Consul Viviani shall devise a solution to this difficulty - it is merely our duty to facilitate his ability to do so, as with this legislation.

Furthermore, each of us here already puts our armsmen to the purpose of Roman justice, as we are patriotic Romans all. We are the Lesser Council. It is our burden alone to go above and beyond any ordinary Senator in our duty and devotion to Rome. I cannot agree that we should require of some Senators to provide men but not others, and I do not think any more can be expected of us. This idea of the constitution of some force to order the Romans will not seem to die, and I will say again Senators that these niggling details of precise authority and responsibility distract us from the actual work of justice. Just look now! We speak of them, and they occupy our time.

In any given season nearly two hundred well-armed Romans already spend many long hours on the maintenance of the law. Our men - the men of the city's highest officials! - are already doing what is possible. So long as we enforce obedience to the Senate's law among our own men, there is no issue here. The fact that the popolo are prone to riot and disorder is no result of our policy, but of the conditions of the city. If the popolo grasso feel that the Senate best represents them, they shall abide by the laws of the Senate. If the popolo minuto are fed they will becalm themselves, at least as much as a Roman can. I work as we speak to secure a source of grain for the foreseeable future that should alleviate some of these symptoms. I have said enough of patrols or police or vigiles to last my entire life, and if I should have to address this topic again I may very well be seized with utter exasperation and expire on the spot. So please, speak no more of it for my own health if nothing else![/ic]

Quote from: Light DragonCan I spend predicted income? E.g. if I have 1 WP and I expect to earn 7WP, I can spend 8WP in my orders for the upcoming season (although risking overspending in case I do not earn the full 7WP?)

Yes, this is usually fine.  The caveat is that if your income is lower than expected (for instance, because of a volatility event that effects your enterprises) some or all of your orders may be impossible to complete and will fail or be postponed, subject to my discretion.

This, of course, is based on the idea that both income and expenditures are spread throughout the season, as they usually are with enterprises and construction.  If your expenditure is an instantaneous one-time payment like "send Signore X 10 WP on the 5th of March" it may not be reasonable to do this with income you're expecting in the spring season.

Basically the rule is "it's fine as long as it makes sense."  :)

[ic=Before the Lesser Council]Ah! Welcome back Senator Manzinni. Indeed you are a blessed man and it's good to see you among us and in good health.

Fortunately, it's not neglect on my part to have discouraged to concern this council with the accessibility of the Via Clodia, but rather my acknowledging our limited capacity to effect important changes outside of Rome's direct influence. Diplomacy is a subtle and elegant art which requires effort and time. If we are unwilling to spend the necessary time on those cities which we desire as allies, and instead spread our efforts like an octopus does with its tentacles, we'd prefer then to focus on other matters which can unite the attention of the Senate. The reality is, if the Viterbesi feel as strongly as we now do that the Faliscan League is a sham and that an alliance with Rome is the right thing to do, Nepi will follow, Anguillara then and Formello after. We will cut Tuscia in two and strike a decisive blow against an half, while the other waits to kneel to the just cause. Focusing our efforts on Viterbo and Nepi is the wisest thing to do, and should we diverge from this reality, we shall be doomed.

As for the vigiles, certainly Basile's proposition is a wise initiative if it's agreed that senators should provide for the civil peace of their constituents and the Romans in general. This, of course, will be a natural necessity for anyone seeking election and therefore needs not further clarification. Thus, his motion will receive my full backing and any unnecessary amendments I shall deny and, if need be, obstruct.[/ic]

[ic=Before the Senate]It's as unfair as it is unwise to blame the unforeseeable results of a man's diplomatic efforts in these tumultuous times on the instigator of these efforts. Senators, you and I strive for a free commune; any sitting consul would've met the immediate wrath of his colleagues for siding with the greedy bishop of Rieti. Why must the love of freedom meet such discontent? You claim now that the consul brings misfortune and difficulty, but what of his accomplishments? Are they to be forgotten; tossed aside like bad food on a plate? Consul Basile has never once lost a battle. It was he who was left to repair the damage of Borsarius's recklessness, and he did so with brio. It was he who recovered our ancient right over Ostia, in the same stroke ensuring the beneficence of the emperor. What is Friedrich to make of this Senate should it let go of the one who swore fealty to him? Surely the procedure of installing podestas would affect the greatest cities of the southernmost recesses of his empire. I urge both the consul and my most august colleagues to reconsider the usefulness of his stepping aside, which I consider is nil.[/ic]

[ic=Letter to Rogerius Placentianus]Magisterius Placentianus,
The establishment of a just Roman judiciary is within grasp. I excite the minds of the senators with such thoughts at this very moment, and it would surprise me greatly to see them abandon this noble cause after all that has been done. I hope this news comforts you.

It was six years ago that you came to us, and I yearn to see the progress of your students. I'm too aware of my own shortcomings, and that of our Commune, but I wonder if the bright star of knowledge shines in any of your student's eyes. A constant stream of legal counsel will be required at the courthouse, the Senate and eventually among the growing numbers of wealthy merchants. If time permits, I would appreciate a report on the progress of your students, be they laymen or clergy.

Senator Hugo de Vinti[/ic]

[ic=On the Senate Floor]The proposal of a return to electoral governance came as a shock to the Senate, particularly coming from Consul Basile.  Though none said it openly, it was muttered by some that this proposal, coupled with his announced "resignation," could only be some kind of devious master plan to shore his Basile's power.

Those who objected most strenuously were the Arnoldists and the populist "anti-equestrian" senators, who alleged that elections would simply provide a means for wealthy equites to buy senate seats for themselves and their friends.  This, some claimed, would result in the city being handed back to Papal dominion with the connivance of the Curia and its vast fortune.  While it was little spoken of, it is also commonly assumed that an electoral system would severely damage the Arnoldists, as much of Arnold's support comes from the lower classes who lack the wealth to qualify as citizens and would presumably be unable to vote.

Criticism also came from the senatorial equestrians, a number of whom pointed out that an electoral system would expose Rome to the dangers of mob rule and civil strife.  They also complained that the system would dilute their influence, for though their seats would stay fixed at 22, the Senate would expand to 120 members in total.

The proposal to keep equestrian seats fixed, however, met its greatest resistance from the common senators, after one of them pointed out that the system as proposed would force a common senator from his seat if he improved his fortune enough to be counted among the equestrians.  As many of the common senators hope to be among that order themselves some day, this argument quickly derailed much of the proposal's remaining support.

Some support was voiced for the consul by a group of common senators led by the weaver Francisco Guillelmi, who said that while the specifics of the consul's proposal were unacceptable, the consul's concerns were valid and the electoral principle should not be abandoned.  He and a group of similarly-minded common and equestrian senators asked that the advisory body of the Lesser Council be convened as a draft committee to propose a more promising electoral scheme.

***

The electoral proposal has distracted the Senate from the other matters previously under consideration, but before Basile's speech the Senate commended Senator de Vinti for his efforts in restoring judicial order.  His proposal that judges be appointed from only the knowledgeable, however, was not altogether well-received.  Several senators pointed out that the judgment of criminals is a political act with political considerations, and that this vital power should not be alienated from the senate.  Scholars, they argued, may know the law best, but senators know what is best for the republic and its welfare.  Many did, however, concede that experts needed to somehow be more involved in the process.

While the senate is certainly concerned with Deutesalvi and the "local militia" he purports to lead, a number of the equestrians, particularly the non-nobles, urged caution.  Pietro Deutesalvi, they claimed, is a loyal eques who has fought for Rome, and his acceptance of the "captaincy" should not be construed as rebellion.[/ic]

[ic=Letter to Consul Basile from the Consuls of Viterbo]Consul,

We, the Consuls of Viterbo, are inheritors to a proud and hallowed liberty, attaining our rights and privileges whilst Rome was still the unruly plaything of prefects and prelates.  The watchwords of the Romans have ever been turbulence and disorder, frequently paired with a slavish yet mercurial devotion to whatever person should capture the mob's fancy, be he patrician, signore, or rebellious Brescian monk.  The vaunted liberty of the Romans appears to us to be a very recent and fragile thing, which may yet prove ephemeral when they succumb to their base passions as we have come to expect.

Viterbesi liberty does not and shall not rest on Roman arms, and we are not convinced that the interests of our commune and your city are as similar as you suggest.  Additionally, at this moment, we recognize a sworn obligation to certain neighboring cities which prevents us from acceding to the proposal you have given us.

Nevertheless, after careful deliberation, we propose to send a delegation to Rome in the coming summer to better ascertain the position of the Romans insofar as it affects our own, and to ensure that there are no misunderstandings between us which might endanger the peace that presently exists.

The Consuls of the Commune of Viterbo[/ic]

On Free Communes

A background issue came up in chat which I thought I might clarify.

Some cities have been referred to over the course of the game as "free communes."  Just because a city has a civic government with consuls or senators, however, doesn't mean it's a free commune – it might still be referred to as a "commune," but the "free" part requires you to have a charter.

Quote from: Free CommunesWhat is a Free Commune?

A "free commune" is one which has been granted a communal charter by the monarch (a king, emperor, or Pope).  Medieval communes began as mutual defense organizations to protect merchants and artisans against the predations of local lords, who held all the power.  To protect themselves, cities would appeal to the monarch to grant them a communal charter that would give them a certain level of political, economic, and military independence.

While charters varied from city to city, they typically included some or most of the following privileges:

• Immunity from tolls and taxes levied by local lords (knights, barons, counts, or even bishops), though not from royal taxation
• Protection from harassment, kidnapping, and assault perpetrated by local lords against their citizens while outside the walls
• The right to hold a market, and to conduct commerce without having their goods arbitrarily seized or taxed
• Royal recognition of the legitimacy and powers of the civic government, and its right to manage its own internal affairs
• The right to maintain an armed militia
• The right for the city to exist as a legal, corporate person; that is, the right of the commune to file suit and appeal for justice as though it were an individual subject of the king
• The right to mint coins
• Royal assurances that the city would not be given to a local lord as a fief

In return for these nice things, communes typically had to pay the monarch a large sum of money.  Chartered communes might also be required to pay a certain regular tax, and/or to provide the monarch with the services of their militia when called upon.

Charters were usually granted in perpetuity and seldom revoked, though it did sometimes happen, and occasionally a city's chartered liberties were infringed on anyway.  As corporate subjects, however, they could at least appeal to the king's justice for redress of their grievances.

Who is Free?

Free communes were often large and prosperous cities, because those cities could best afford to purchase a charter.  There were exceptions, however – some wealthy cities might be denied charters for political reasons (for instance, if the monarch is on good terms with the local lords and doesn't want to piss them off).  In addition, some charters were awarded out of appreciation for some service rendered to the monarch, rather than granted in exchange for a big pile of money.  The rather small city of Amelia in the Duchy of Spoleto, for instance, is a free commune, yet the great maritime commune of Pisa is not.

The following are the cities which possess communal charters in Latium:

Viterbo, from 1098
Orvieto, from the late 11th century
Tivoli, from the late 11th century
Ninfa, from 1116
Nepi, from 1132
Bagnarea, from 1140
Ferentino, from the early 12th century

These cities in the Duchy of Spoleto are also free:

Perugia, from the late 11th century
Spoleto, from the late 11th century
Narni, from the late 11th century
Trevi, from the late 11th century
Amelia, from 1157

Every city in Latium that isn't listed there – including Rome – does not have a communal charter.

Of course, non-free communes may have been granted some liberties anyway (Rome, for instance, had its civic government recognized by Pope Adrian in the Treaty of Campus Neronius).  Treaties, however, can be broken, and "grants" can be revoked; charters were a way of permanently establishing, in writing, a community's perpetual rights.

[ic=Before the Senate]- Basile raises his hands for quiet - You have made many fine points, Senators, and they are each worthy of due consideration. To the matter of equestrian seats let us then consider that at the appointed time of first election, the body of equestrians too shall gather, and they shall choose from among themselves the ten most worthy to hold the title Senator, which those men shall then be granted. Furthermore ten equestrian seats shall be held in abeyance, so that should a common Senator advance his fortunes sufficiently he shall take such a seat, though in each instance for this to be done he must have the approval of the majority of equestrian Senators and common Senators both. The district which the Senator in question had represented would then be required to initiate a by-election, so that the now vacant seat could be filled. To the matter of the purchase of seats I shall say only that this is a shameful and illegal act, and I should hope none among our body could lower themselves to this conspiracy. If this crime should be suspected of any Senator or eques then I and my colleagues on the Lesser Council will see the full force of the Senate's law put to the purpose of determining the truth. Therefore by this revision the Senate shall have 130 members, with the possibility that it should grow by ten more.[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to the Consuls of Viterbo]Consuls,

The Romans do not mean to imply that Viterbo requires, needs or wants for Roman aid or the benefit of Roman arms. Only that we should never again fruitlessly squander lives or resources against one another, and that we should work actively to see that this is so. In pursuit of that goal the Senate shall gladly welcome your delegation to Rome and afford them our good hospitality.

Consul Roberto Basile[/ic]

[ic=Before the Senate]Perhaps it was too bold to suggest that the most ancient prerogative of a senator may be exercised by someone else. Nevertheless, and since we may speak of this in all honesty and civility, I still harbor some concerns in regard to who sits as magistrate in the courthouse. If the legal counsel of our scholars are to be disregarded, then they are worth nothing and the popolo will still think we are corrupt. I'm ready to concede the point, however, and move this legislation a step further. If anyone should wish to revisit the issue, you need only speak your mind.

Then it is agreed, it must be the senators themselves who strike the hammer. My concern here is the control of the judiciary by a faction. There are numerous courtrooms in the Trajan Hall, but in a trial only one can render judgment. So not only must we be careful in how and who we elect as magistrates, but what cases may each of them handle.

Therefore I propose the senate at large choose nine among their peers who will sit in the courtrooms and the two consuls shall appoint one of their own choosing as well. These men, the giudici, will sit in the courts during their term and handle the various cases brought to them. Whether this honor is mandatory or not would depend on the sentiments of the senators, of course, but it is interesting to ponder this question seriously and not come to any rash conclusion.

The giudice selected by the consuls, the primo giudice, will take charge of the most serious cases which the consuls can't themselves; treason, murder of a state official, grand larceny and those other cases that urge in their being an important criminal act immediately threatening the civil order of the Commune, but where appearance in the courts is preferable to summary judgement. The other giudici will preside over all the cases which are not handled by the primo guidice or the consuls.

The Senate shall provide legal expertise to the giudici. Scholars whose grasp of the Justinian principles is good will assist and counsel the giudice to whom they're attached. I don't think any selection procedure must be established here, but evidently the part about grasping matters of law is important when seeking counsel.

It should not befall the giudici to pay for legal counsel, since they serve to represent the authority of the Senate and the stability and prosperity of the Commune. I have considered this and, while the Senate cannot yet afford this necessity, I encourage patriotic contribution. However, it might not be needed just yet, for I have satisfactory recourse to this situation already. My house is now preparing to contribute generously to the university and for legal counselling for the giudici. [20 WP] in twenty instalments; [1 WP] a season for five years. We think it is a large sum, but it will ensure the legal expertise coming from the University is well suited to the task, and that there is incentive to pick from that place for legal counsel. Furthermore, we shall not suffer the poverty of those men who serve the Commune by their noble deed. Bright Romans whose passion for justice and knowledge of the Justinian principles both exceed standard will have an incentive to remain in Rome and seek employment from those who seek their services. Thanks to the fund, the giudici can seek counsel at the university without needing to pay. The remainder of the money transferred each season shall provide for the well being of the teachers and their students, as well as for the purchase of the resources needed to improve learning.

Do my colleagues agree with me that this proposal is sound? Certainly there are nooks and crannies to revisit but in the whole it seems to me a good leap ahead. Let me hear your thoughts, senators.[/ic]

[ooc=Mechanics of the Judiciary system]Like consulate elections, the influence of the players help choose the giudici. The way the giudici will be chosen, however, is not by voting with influence points, but with a list of preferences. Each player will make a list including three preferences. These preferences can be anything from physical traits to political leanings; Just, Pro-Imperial, Arnoldist, Ambitious, Ugly, etc. They all work. The lists will be exploited by Polycarp to fashion a giudice NPC if he ever has an in-game reason to do so. (i.e : a crowd barges in, the roof crumbles, another senator gets a trial, etc.)

The primo giudice is chosen by the consuls alone. This first judge CAN be a player or he can be another NPC generated by Polycarp using the preferences of the consuls. However, it's the only giudice who can be played by a player.

Electing and playing the giudici is meant to be an effortless task, both for the players and for Polycarp, but at the same time it's also meant to provide a solid foundation for how the judiciary system works in general. What's more, it can generate interesting roleplay options.

The term of service is one year. It makes sense since the consuls are decided each autumn. Also, It would be left to Polycarp to set a base cost for legal counsel from the university, per season or year.

The giudici will be provided with legal counsel and scribes (to keep records). Polycarp may play this out as he chooses, at this point it depends on the results of Rogerius' teachings.

[spoiler=How election will happen]It is in Autumn, when the consuls are decided, that the giudici are appointed. Basically, the election process of the giudici is not, except for special reasons, played in an update of some kind. The choice of primo giudice, however, can generate some player interaction between the consuls. This is because they might want a player to take that position. Should they not want that though, the whole giudici selection will probably be unseen to us.

When, for some reason, a giudice directly influences the game, Polycarp may craft one up from the preferences the players have established. These preferences can be changed whenever, but Polycarp must be informed.

Quote from: Exemple Individual List- Severe
- Pro-Equites
- Pro-Imperial

Each player will have such a list and Polycarp is free to prioritize common preferences or not. The randomness serves to generate more interesting characters and preserve Polycarp's liberty for creative thought. Also it serves to avoid the "hacking" through the whole delivery of justice by players.
[/spoiler][/ooc]

[ic=Before the Senate]I give you my applause, Senator de Vinti! Certainly this proposal seems well-formed and considered to my ears, and I will give it my fullest and complete support. Your generosity is as ever humbling, and my only concern is perhaps that the endowment you propose is too great! I will leave such decision to yourself and to your house, of course. As to these giudici, if a Senator is afforded such responsibility he shall be within his rights to refuse it, though I am likewise certain that the Senate and the Council and the Consuls shall consider wisely the willingness of candidates in this decision. I think, Senators, that if the measures of legislation that now sit before our body should be passed this season the cause of Roman governance and law will be emboldened and assured of only the greatest ability and respect.[/ic]

[ic=In the Lesser Council]To report on my efforts to persuade the Viterbesi of our good faith and common cause, I inform the consilium that the Consuls of Viterbo have responded with caution and with some doubt. This is as I expected, as certainly we should react in similar fashion if they had come to us. However, they have agreed to send a delegation to Rome this summer in order to further observe and consider this possibility. I have accepted on our behalf, and I am prepared to offer them the hospitality of my house and act as their host and adviser for the duration of their stay in Rome.[/ic]

[ic=A Letter to His Holiness, Victor IV]Your Holiness,

Know that the Senate is prepared whenever you should decide to take up your seat in Rome, and that we do what we might to allow you to do so. We are yet gladdened that we could lend some small aid in delivering your person from the villainy of Oddone Frangipani. I consider daily the partisans of the false pontiff Rolando, and I set myself to purpose, that I might devise some way to frustrate their designs. So too do I consider those who make no motion in this regard. The nobility of the Alban Hills sit atop a fence, and I am yet unsure on which side they will fall. I have heard that Rolando has sent many messengers to Oddone Colonna, and I fear that if he should be swayed many might follow him. The Romans have little to offer this man, and so we simply hope that he shall take the proper course. You no doubt consider all these things and many more besides.

But there is an idea that has come into my mind. I have made gesture of conciliation towards Viterbo, for I think that the Romans and the Viterbesi have quarreled long enough and to foolish purpose. It is known of the Viterbesi that they desire their own Bishop, for at this moment they fall within the Diocese of Toscanella. It is within your power, Holy Father, to alter this circumstance. And so as Consul of the Romans I shall ask you to consider a boon on their behalf, that you create Viterbo its own Diocese and Bishop that they might be won to the rightful church, and moreover if you should do this it may plant a seed of friendship between Viterbo and Rome that given time and care may blossom to the profit of all Latium. It may well be that this has come into your mind already and for other considerations you cannot make this enactment. This is but my humble suggestion, and I ask it of you for the faith that I bear to the Holy Mother Church and for the good of the Romans. I know that whatever your decision you shall be inspired by God to the right one.

In Nomine Senatus Populusque Romanus,
Consul Roberto Basile[/ic]